Annuities

Annuities Overview beta

Annuity reserves run on the Commissioners Annuity Reserve Valuation Method (CARVM), added to the Standard Valuation Law in 1976 and interpreted by AG 33 for elective benefits and AG 35 for indexed designs. Variable annuity guarantees moved to a principle-based method under AG 43 in 2009 and to VM-21 in 2020. Non-variable annuities issued on or after January 1, 2026 fall under VM-22.

Product pages are marked beta: VM-21 and VM-22 content is cited to the 2026 Valuation Manual with page numbers; CARVM and actuarial guideline text is characterized and flagged where not yet verified against the primary document.

Products

Each product has three pages: applicable regulations and timeline, assumption comparison, and sources.

Variable annuities

CARVM, AG 34 and AG 39 guarantees, AG 43, then VM-21: CTE 70, the standard projection amount, hedging.

Fixed annuities

Deferred fixed and indexed: CARVM with AG 33 benefit streams, AG 35 for index credits, then VM-22 for 2026+ issues.

Payout annuities

Immediate and deferred income annuities: CARVM, the 2018 VM-22 income annuity valuation rates, then VM-22 PBR.

The regimes

CARVM under the SVL
1976 amendments onward
Greatest present value across all guaranteed benefit streams at annuity valuation rates; AG 33 makes the mechanics explicit for contracts with elective benefits, AG 35 for indexed credits.
AG 43
Variable annuities, valuation dates 2009–2019
CTE 70 stochastic reserve over a standard scenario for variable annuity guarantees; replaced AG 34 and AG 39.
VM-21
Variable annuities, valuation dates 2020 onward
The 2020 framework: CTE 70 plus the additive standard projection amount; applies to the whole in-force by valuation date.
VM-22
Non-variable annuities issued on/after Jan 1, 2026
Modeled reserves by reserving category with the stochastic exclusion test, cash surrender value floors, and a disclosure-only standard projection. The 2018 VM-22 set income annuity valuation rates for 2018–2025 issues.

Key annuity documents

Related

Principles-Based Reserves

VM-21 and VM-22 compared to VM-20 on every dimension.

Regulation Timeline

The annuity instruments in the full history.

Document Library

The Valuation Manual and everything it cites.